在学习了 MapReduce 的使用之后,我们已经可以处理 Word Count 这类统计和检索任务,但是客观上 MapReduce 可以做的事情还有很多。
MapReduce 主要是依靠开发者通过编程来实现功能的,开发者可以通过实现 Map 和 Reduce 相关的方法来进行数据处理。
为了简单的展示这一过程,我们将手工编写一个 Word Count 程序。
注意:MapReduce 依赖 Hadoop 的库,但由于本教程使用的 Hadoop 运行环境是 Docker 容器,难以部署开发环境,所以真实的开发工作(包含调试)将需要一个运行 Hadoop 的计算机。在这里我们仅学习已完成程序的部署。
MyWordCount.java 文件代码
/**
* 引用声明
* 本程序引用自 http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r1.0.4/cn/mapred_tutorial.html
*/
package com.runoob.hadoop;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.*;
/**
* 与 `Map` 相关的方法
*/
class Map extends MapReduceBase implements Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text();
public void map(LongWritable key,
Text value,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output,
Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
String line = value.toString();
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());
output.collect(word, one);
}
}
}
/**
* 与 `Reduce` 相关的方法
*/
class Reduce extends MapReduceBase implements Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
public void reduce(Text key,
Iterator<IntWritable> values,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output,
Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
int sum = 0;
while (values.hasNext()) {
sum += values.next().get();
}
output.collect(key, new IntWritable(sum));
}
}
public class MyWordCount {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
JobConf conf = new JobConf(MyWordCount.class);
conf.setJobName("my_word_count");
conf.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
conf.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
conf.setMapperClass(Map.class);
conf.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setInputFormat(TextInputFormat.class);
conf.setOutputFormat(TextOutputFormat.class);
// 第一个参数表示输入
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(conf, new Path(args[0]));
// 第二个输入参数表示输出
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(conf, new Path(args[1]));
JobClient.runJob(conf);
}
}
* 引用声明
* 本程序引用自 http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r1.0.4/cn/mapred_tutorial.html
*/
package com.runoob.hadoop;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.*;
/**
* 与 `Map` 相关的方法
*/
class Map extends MapReduceBase implements Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text();
public void map(LongWritable key,
Text value,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output,
Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
String line = value.toString();
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());
output.collect(word, one);
}
}
}
/**
* 与 `Reduce` 相关的方法
*/
class Reduce extends MapReduceBase implements Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
public void reduce(Text key,
Iterator<IntWritable> values,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output,
Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
int sum = 0;
while (values.hasNext()) {
sum += values.next().get();
}
output.collect(key, new IntWritable(sum));
}
}
public class MyWordCount {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
JobConf conf = new JobConf(MyWordCount.class);
conf.setJobName("my_word_count");
conf.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
conf.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
conf.setMapperClass(Map.class);
conf.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setInputFormat(TextInputFormat.class);
conf.setOutputFormat(TextOutputFormat.class);
// 第一个参数表示输入
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(conf, new Path(args[0]));
// 第二个输入参数表示输出
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(conf, new Path(args[1]));
JobClient.runJob(conf);
}
}
请将此 Java 文件的内容保存到 NameNode 容器中去,建议位置:
/home/hadoop/MyWordCount/com/runoob/hadoop/MyWordCount.java
注意:根据当前情况,有的 Docker 环境中安装的 JDK 不支持中文,所以保险起见,请去掉以上代码中的中文注释。
进入目录:
cd /home/hadoop/MyWordCount
编译:
javac -classpath ${HADOOP_HOME}/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-3.1.4.jar -classpath ${HADOOP_HOME}/share/hadoop/client/hadoop-client-api-3.1.4.jar com/runoob/hadoop/MyWordCount.java
打包:
jar -cf my-word-count.jar com
执行:
hadoop jar my-word-count.jar com.runoob.hadoop.MyWordCount /wordcount/input /wordcount/output2
查看结果:
hadoop fs -cat /wordcount/output2/part-00000
输出:
I 4 hadoop 2 like 2 love 2 runoob 2
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